Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Change - Essay Example By the records, preceding the approach of the mechanical upset, the degrees of carbon dioxide were path lower than they are today (NASA, 2013). Before the finish of 2010, the degrees of carbon dioxide remained at 389 sections for each million when contrasted with 280 sections for each million preceding the modern insurgency (Doyle, 2013). Records dating to as ahead of schedule as 1500 assign that there has been a consistent increment in temperatures as Metz notes (Metz, 2010). Examination did by UK and U.S based natural exploration and logical establishments show that since the late 1900’s, worldwide normal temperature has expanded by 0.8 degrees (Hayward, 2014). This pace of increment may seem piddling yet as per researchers, it is perhaps the most grounded marker of the quick climatic changes occurring on earth (Balonnof, 2013). Also, researchers exhort that if climatic change isn't earnestly tended to, by 2050, the paces of temperature increment ought to be relied upon to b e somewhere in the range of 2.6 and 4.5 degrees (VOA, 2014). Another basic measurement from researchers is the verity that there is an over 40% expansion in the paces of carbon dioxide and alarmingly, half of this has happened after the 1970’s (Braasch, 2013). 98% of researchers all things considered concur that 98% of the climatic change (with much accentuation on a worldwide temperature alteration) is brought about by human exercises (Gleb, 2013). How much is the climatic change man-made? A few people have contended that climatic change ought not be attributed to human exercises.

Russia Foreign Policy free essay sample

The household political setting and its interchange with the universal setting are crucial components in the examination of the projection of Russian force and impact. In a steady quest for balance between the national intrigue, global trade offs and the bartering/concessions duality, Russia has been seeking after an approach of insistence, both in provincial and worldwide terms. In any case, this has been where lines of (dis)continuity produce delicate forms that are not in every case simple to get a handle on. Basic this course are issues about Russian character and how this assumes a job both at the household level and in outside approach dealings. Be that as it may, an inexorably emphatic tone is recognizable. Regardless of whether this is as yet an outflow of lost realm not yet survive or the consequence of amazing inward improvements is here dissected. This paper points, along these lines, to investigate Russian international strategy making, revealing insight into lines of coherence and brokenness in this consistent, however not straight, scan for certification. We will compose a custom exposition test on Russia Foreign Policy or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Watchwords: international strategy; multi-vectorial; multipolar; character; Russian Federation Introduction Russian legislative issues after the finish of the virus war have undulated by inward and outer requirements, with an end goal to adjust and react to the new inside and universal conditions. The Russian Soviet legacy stays solid after the separation of the Soviet alliance, and Moscow’s dealings with its new force status, vital observations and personality development stay a wide test. The Russian Federation is an enormous nation with a bound together strategy and all around characterized political, key nd monetary interests, in view of a solid hand at home and intense position towards remote issues thought about crucial to Russian interests, The creator recognizes money related help from the Center for Social Studies and the International Studies Association for the introduction of this paper at the 49th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, San Fra ncisco, March 2008. This is an updated adaptation of the paper introduced at this show. ? 1 The Making of Russian Foreign Policy: Lines of (Dis)continuity in a Process of Affirmation ursued in numerous occasions outside the conventional forms of equitable practices. The purported â€Å"managed democracy† plans to be the characterizing model for anauthoritarian style of administering dependent on the holding of appointive procedures. This mirrors a mix of western qualities and the purported â€Å"Russian way†, bringing about a blend in legislative issues. In view of a vertical force equation depicted by Russian specialists as a required affirmation for request and democratization, the centralization inclines in Russian legislative issues appear to contain the heaviness of the country’s magnificent past with which Russia has not yet completely settle. Indeed, the Soviet magnificent rationale is still a lot of present in Russian international strategy, communicated in Russia’s current pattern of confirmation and recapturing of impact. This arrangement has permitted some coherence in Russian post-cold war dealings, in spite of the upsand-downs coming about because of the need to change in accordance with an all-adjusting worldwide setting all through the post-cold war decade (1990-2001). The psychological oppressor assaults of September 2001 in the United States established, in any case, a defining moment. The United States got conspicuous, advancing a decisive plan. Russia responded and followed, adding an increasingly confirmed position to talk and activity. In a post-cold war setting, Russian international strategy turned out to be ace dynamic and accepted a certifiable tone, underlined by sober minded and pragmatist contemplations about Russian prospects and cutoff points at home and abroad. This paper breaks down the elements hidden Russian international strategy, with the point of recognizing its drivers, techniques and objectives. Withdrawing rom the supposition that Russian international strategy follows the rule that the meaning of the national intrigue is the reason for the quest for (inter)national targets, and taking it with regards to the interlinkage of the inward/outer relationship as a bi-directional procedure really taking shape of international strategy (Rosenau, 2006; Katzenstein, 1976; Hill, 2003; Saideman and Ayres, 2007; Alons, 2007), Russian international strateg y dealings are a statement of Moscow’s wish for insistence and universal acknowledgment of its job in local and worldwide governmental issues. Driven by an ideal residential setting, through the centralization of intensity at home and the quest for a confident strategy abroad, grasping adjusting approaches, for example, those in regards to the United States, regulation, as to China, or impact and control as occurs towards a portion of the previous Soviet republics, it applies multilateral collaboration for accomplishing a multipolar request, all the while with the quest for an unquestionable put in this global request. This condition of drivers, techniques and objectives is underlined by a 2 The Making of Russian Foreign Policy: Lines of (Dis)continuity in a Process of Affirmation ombination of realpolitik components, interpreted in power legislative issues at the premise of Russian international strategy dynamic and usage, and constructivist lines, with issues of character and recognition forming international strategy results. The projection of Russian force and impact shows a consistent quest for balance between the nati onal intrigue, worldwide trade offs and the dealing/concessions duality. Nonetheless, this has been where lines of (dis)continuity produce delicate shapes that are not in every case simple to get a handle on. An undeniably emphatic tone is perceptible under Putin, after the irregularities of the Yeltsin years. The arrangements of the recently chosen president in March 2008, Dmitry Medveded, are relied upon to go with the same pattern on Putin, however are still to be tried. Thusly, this paper contends that the developing confidence in Russian international strategy is as yet a statement of a past not yet survive, of the way(s) Russia characterizes itself (the personality question), and the consequence of inside improvements that have permitted a strengthening of Russia, components that unmistakably add to in)actions with respect to lines of coherence and brokenness in the country’s international strategy, rendering it a ceaseless, however not straight, look for certification. Lines of (dis)continuity in Russian international strategy: a staggered model of investigation The post-cold war decade may be depicted as a time of â€Å"soft revisionism† as an outflow of Russian ques t for its own place after the separation of the Soviet Union, in a for the most part non-fierce way, looking to keep up the harmony between its distinctive international strategy objectives and the worldwide setting where these were anticipated. This decade permitted the explanation of Russian international strategy goals, in spite of different changes, bringing about the update and selection of basic reports, for example, the international strategy idea, the national security idea and the military regulation (2000). These archives combine the headings, choices and destinations of Moscow’s outside arrangement with the outline of particular regions for activity alongside the requirement for a positive and increasingly self-assured course in both residential and global terms. September 11 will somewhat extend these Russian goals, as further examined. 3 The Making of Russian Foreign Policy: Lines of (Dis)continuity in a Process of Affirmation Russian international strategy has been moving as per a few components, both endogenous and exogenous, however the fundamental post-cold war organizing standards and objectives have stayed after some time. What has been changing and presenting a feeling of undulation to Russian strategy making has been the conjugation of means and openings in the definition and quest for advantages. The pattern proposes that though Yeltsin was a lot of concentrated on the outer setting, responding and modifying persistently to the progressions occurring at the universal stage, Putin moved the concentration to inside issues, understanding this move as basic to support Russia’s outwards look. This implies with Yeltsin, Russian international strategy was basically responsive toward the western situating, either requesting or consenting. This was perceptible especially in the main years after the finish of the virus war, during Yeltsin’s first order; the mid 1990s saw an adjustment in the direction of Russian international strategy, with an all the more consoling tone and reaffirmation in what Moscow characterized as its â€Å"near abroad†. Primakov was the very pinnacle of pertinence in this update of Russian international strategy, just as in giving more direction to monetary change inside the nation, having been instrumental in the designing of these central movements. Possibly the best case of this changing pattern was Russia’s unfriendly response toward the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) intercession in the Balkans in 1999. It gave an away from of disappointment with United States and European approaches towards the region, and indicated a harder position as far as its situation in the universal framework, plainly looking for acknowledgment of its status as a significant force. With Vladimir Putin, the solidification of interior development and solidness made ready for an inexorably confirmed tone in international strategy. Laying on an even minded evaluation of Russian prospects and cutoff points, Putin presented substance to the idea of a multi-vectorial arrangement, which has loaned to Russian outside dealings a feeling of congruity and solidness by including the CIS as a need zone, just as the western and Asian measurements. Be that as it may, by amplifying the bundle, Putin additionally got included breathing space, playing with th

Purpose, Audience and Tone Free Essays

This article offers clarification to Mahmoud Darwish’s, â€Å"A Gentle Rain in a Distant Autumn†. We will experience examination on what he’s attempting to let us know, who he is attempting to converse with and how he’s conveying this message. â€Å"A Gentle Rain in a Distant Autumn† is predominantly around three issues. We will compose a custom paper test on Reason, Audience and Tone or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now The Poet’s sentiments and feelings towards the circumstance in Palestine and how he identifies with it, the genuine circumstance in Palestine and his unrivaled want. The poet’s intention is to take us on a passionate Journey of his despairing utilizing basic terms entwined together to shape analogies and symbolism cap best picture the horrible and miserable picture of Palestine. He is tending to any individual who has partiality towards the subject of Palestine or something else. In the first place, he discusses a significant trouble in his sonnet â€Å"A delicate Rain in an inaccessible autumn† (01 which represents the demise of nature, the passing of his own nation. A mindful bitterness, grieving and distress through the loss of Palestine rule. Palestine stays a memory for the creator, ancient history, a reason that is losing, as a result of the words he utilizes: â€Å"running away’ (14), â€Å"the flying creatures have traveled to lime which won't return† (35),†A kiss sent in the post† (40). He even goes further to Express the magnificence of his old neighborhood â€Å"birds are blue, blue† (2), â€Å"windows are white, are white† (11) still in a pitiful way followed by how annihilated it is currently â€Å"my nation is the Joy of being in chains† (39). There is a feeling of detainment and lost lives in the sonnet that depicts Palestine today as a nation in â€Å"chains†(39), â€Å"seller of anti-inflamatory medicine and death†(24YSlaughtered† (42). He referenced his â€Å"dead a fetus† (26) which implies he is dead before getting the opportunity to live due to his trouble to his ountry. All through his sonnet the poet’s redundancy of illustrations isn't for poetrys purpose as it were. It is for us to see how relentless he is, and what he truly needs. He makes reference to his lone want or all that he needs currently is his â€Å"mother’s handkerchief†. A mother would infer nothing that isn't sure. A mother is another image of home and security. He just needs to live through this. He doesn’t need whatever else. He understands that his nation is in chains and he probably won't have the option to help given that is nation doesn’t hear him out â€Å"from the nation that’s overlooked the discourse of the removed ones† (28). Darwish’s symbolism and tone are so ground-breaking he had the option to make the peruser agree what he needs us to live. When you experience the sonnet, you are in a condition of give up and quiet. You value the seriousness of the circumstance and his enthusiastic set back towards it. It’s not one that is requiring all individuals to stand up and fght. It is somewhat the acknowledgment of what is with a lot of wistfulness to the past. It is additionally amazing on the grounds that I had the option to live his experience y Just perusing his words. His words were straightforward yet they went past its apparent effortlessness to serve the writer some help to convey his message effectively yet with a great deal of intensity since his pictures resound. Taking everything into account, the artist took us on a Journey of feelings. We felt the highs and lows. We had the option to see through his duty to be exactly as expected, to impart to us his own impression of reality with a predominant flood of pitiful symbolism. His reality will consistently be his words tn best depict his pictures and the Palestine ne will consistently adore. at The most effective method to refer to Purpose, Audience and Tone, Papers

Argumentative Synthesis Gene Altering And Human Genome Modifications - 1375 Words

Argumentative Synthesis: Gene Altering And Human Genome Modifications (Essay Sample) Content: Professors name:Course code:Students name:Date:SummaryArgumentative SynthesisThe allure of genetically modified humanly perfected children is slowly yet surely taking over the world. The scientific processes of gene altering and human genome modifications have become the talk of the scientific fields associated with genetics. The arguments proposed for this process of gene alteration span from the benefits of ridding the human race of chromosome-associated medical problems to the beneficial aspects of human enhancement, especially as relates to the physical and intelligence-related human capabilities. However, the propositions against this argument feature concrete suggestions based on the ethicist appeals towards the vanity of the gene selection processes. These arguments suggest the fallible and vane nature of human parentage suggesting that any such process that would somehow involve the selection of certain attributes of a human would be acting as God and per say encouraging the attribute-based perfect babies. Consequently, the possibility of a creation of genetically superior beings, the preferable side of the proponents, creates an unnecessary class division what with gene selection processes being a reserve of the wealthy even in the foreseeable future. The scientific creation of designer babies through gene selection processes is a risky undertaking that would result in an unnecessary class struggle, inconsiderate parenting techniques and a subversion of natural creation based processes.SynthesisThe prospect of the creation of designer babies is a factor of controversy within scientific and social fields. The fact that scientists have been known to carry out gene identification and to use the same to determine the origin of certain medical conditions seems to be a consistently supported by many in the same field. However, the issue of the creation of designer babies draws differing reactions from different doctors, all of whom, regardles s of their fields of operation are accustomed to the apparent benefits of the process. For instance, in the movie Whos Afraid of Designer Babies the narrator speaks of a doctor Jeffrey who is concerned about the impact of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, a service that he previously offered but which he considers a risk especially as relates to the future applications (Who's Afraid of Designer Babies? 1). This doctor is worried that the applications of this system could be misinterpreted and used for futuristic yet harmful occurrences such as selfish selections of traits for children. These views are shared by the movie Designer Baby and Gene Robbery in which the narrator is afraid of the failures of these procedures of gene alteration (Designer Babies and Gene Robbery. 1). While recognizing that the human Genome project of 2003 was a success towards the fields of medical improvements and healings, the narrator records a reservation with the risks of entering into a world where h umans are products since the prospects of an unending wish to update humans would eventually become uncontrollable. The same views are also shared by Hayes in his article Genetically modified Humans? No Thanks who suggests that there is no limit to what humans would do should the chance be offered for them to select attributes of their children. Therefore, the prospect of human gene alteration and the creation of designer babies is one which creates controversy the world over.The benefits of designer babies and the processes around the same appear as both as a prospect for a bright future and as a recipe for disaster. For example, while the movie Whos Afraid of Designer Babies presents the possible applications of genetically modified babies towards medical miracles and solutions, the movie Designer Babies and Gene Robbery argues against these applications and the processes leading to the same. Both films accept the fact that designer babies, and in extension the processes of gene s election and genetic engineering are processes that can change the scientific world. However, the narrator in Designer Babies and Gene Robbery argues that the process of harvesting genetic material from the blood of endangered societies as well as the ideals of selecting certain attributes of a person to keep while discarding of others is unnatural and to some extent divisive to a society already divided (Designer Babies and Gene Robbery.1). This position is supported by Hayes who argues that the use of scientific processes associated with gene alteration and the creation of genetically altered humans is inconsequential and risky especially when considered in the larger scale. Green in his article Building Baby from Genes Up however, suggests that the benefits of gene alteration and ultimately designer babies are a matter of certainty, one which should be accepted in a society headed in the same direction regardless (Green, 1). Therefore, regardless of the benefits of designing babi es, the applicability, process and ethical portions of the idea cause controversy, with opinions favoring either side of the argument.The ideals of parental choice as it relates to the eventual outcome of genetic modifications and child outcomes is an issue for consistent debate. While Leanne and Stephen in Whos Afraid of Designer Babies are projected as parents without an ethical doubt about the process they intend to carry out so as to save B.J, Hayes argues that parental preference in choosing their childrens attributes would lead to catastrophic rushes and competitive gene alterations (Who's Afraid of Designer Babies? 1). This position is supported by the Movie Designer Babies and Gene Robbery in which the narrator argues that the emotional balance or the fulfilment of the designed babies would be at the behest of the parents, an implement to them to decide the life of another human who would eventually live an unsatisfied life (Designer Babies and Gene Robbery. 1). Eventually, only Green and the movie Whos Afraid of Designer Babies retain the position that parental choice, in the process of gene selection and preimplantation Genetic diagnosis, is the only consideration a factor argued against by the other two articles.The concept of scientifically creating designer babies is an unnecessary step towards selfish satisfaction of vane human interest. Regardless of the scientific aspect of gene identification and the medical applications of the same, the idea that parents should be able to select certain physical and intelligence-related aspects of their children becomes unnecessary. The proponents of this process argue that such attributes are necessarily improvements on humanity as it is today. They suggest that while such alterations may alter the lives of children, ultimately the bettering of the human race should become the central focus for a better future. However, this argument is inconsequential especially when we consider that there are no boundaries as to what can be done and when to stop (Hayes 1). Since parents would be forced to keep up with their counterparts, the chance that certain class divisions would easily create superior humans becomes an apparent issue. This situation would then create a further separation of humanity, a factor which confirms that designer babies and genetic selection is unnecessary and is bound to create an appetite for selfish yet useless competition.The urge to create designer babies is a factor of unnatural subversion, one which will only lead to disaster. As noted, the gene selection processes and the designing of...

Plot, Theme and Tone in Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell Free Essay Example, 1250 words

The theme of this essay can be defined as an attempt to offend imperialism and its evils by relating the narrator s state of being a member of the British Indian Imperial Police in Burma. By including the right details for plot and the behaviour of the public with him, the author has precisely expressed the misfortune of a man living life on land where the local people do not acknowledge him and his duty due to their negative feelings for imperialism. The theme also comprises of the narrator s understanding that he has lost his freedom of judgment and choice in the process of getting acknowledgment and respect from the natives of Burma. The main purpose of Orwell s describing the shooting of an element is to describe the effort he made, to inspire the local people and drag their attention to the fact he is willing to do any task according to their demand, without caring if he has been left with an unsatisfied conscience. The author narrates that he felt himself so bound to accept th e demand, for shooting the elephant, made by the crowd of native following him, and he did so even at the cost of his own reluctance. The author has used his expertise in narrating atmosphere, events, and tone in a very promising approach. We will write a custom essay sample on Plot, Theme and Tone in Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now He has greatly satisfied the reader that whatever he did, even though he himself considers guilty for it, was not his fault, but of the established impacts of imperialism. There are many parts in the essay where the author has utilized the ironic style to cover up his situation. The author has also incorporated the conflict of argues to justify a situation where a reader can demand the narrator to fulfill his duty honestly and not to pursue the feeling of making natives happy. As the narrator indicates that deep inside, against the demand of crowd, he himself was not comfortable with the idea of shooting the elephant, but he did it. The author has very efficiently saved himself from the charge of being the culprit by putting all blame to the negative consequences of imperialism in his text.

A Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mary...

Throughout the semester we have discussed a few captivity narratives such as: John Smith, Mary Rowlandson, and Cotton Mather. From a personal standpoint, Mary Rowlandson’s captivity narrative was one of the best selections we have read in class thus far. It is a prominent source of biblical encouragement to those of the Puritan religion and some other religions that put God above all human and nature. Throughout the short story, a Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mary Rowlandson, it describes the eleven weeks, approximately around eighty two days, were Rowlandson was held captive. Rowlandson demonstrates how strong her faith is throughout the entire time she was gone away from her family, losing her daughter Sarah and the problems she and the other captives had to face during that amount of time. She keeps her faith through the Lord and he delivers her prays in the end, because she stayed faithful to him. Mary Rowlandson was born in the south of England in 1637 and passed away in 1711. Rowlandson originated to this country in 1639 when her father, John White, became a wealthy land owner. She became a very busy lady when she married Joseph Rowlandson, because not only did she become a mother to three children, she also became a minister’s wife. She made her Puritan religion well known through her works of writing. Rowlandson seemed to support her husband with his ministry throughout the time she was married to him. While being married to Joseph, Mary andShow MoreRelatedThe Narrative Of The Captivity And The Restoration Of Mary Rowlandson1611 Words   |  7 Pagespeople. Mary Rowlandson was among these captives, and the resulting captivity narrative, titled The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, published in 1682, is formed based on her memory. Rowlandson’s captivity narrative carried great significance in that it came to be used as a didactic Jeremiad, leading its Calvinist audience back towards God’s path and away from an allegorical wilderness. As a devout Calvinist, Rowlandson believes her journey through captivity isRead MoreA Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, by Mary Rowlandson1483 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson† by Mary Rowlandson is a short history about her personal experience in captivity among the Wampanoag Indian tribe. On the one hand, Mary Rowlandson endures many hardships and derogatory encounters. However, she manages to show her superior status to everyone around her. She clearly shows how her time spent under captivity frequently correlates with the lessons taught in the Bible. Even though, the colonists possibly murderedRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And The Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1422 Words   |  6 Pagesof twenty-four people. Mary Rowlandson was among these captives, and the resulting captivity narrative, titled The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mar y Rowlandson, published in 1682, is formed based on her memory. Rowlandson’s captivity narrative carried great significance in that it came to be used as a didactic Jeremiad, leading its Calvinist audience back towards God’s path and away from an allegorical wilderness. As a devout Calvinist, Rowlandson believes that her journeyRead More A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson944 Words   |  4 PagesThe Pressure to Assimilate in Mary Rowlandson’s A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson There are times when assimilation is not a choice but rather something is forced. In circumstances such as being taken hostage, the ability to survive must come at the price of assimilating ones own customs into another lifestyle. In February of 1675 the Native Americans who were at war with the Puritans obtained hostage Mary Rowlandson of the Plymouth colony. During this timeRead MoreThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do not however cause her to redirect her life or change her idealsRead More Narr ative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1366 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson From the violent and brutal clash between Indians [1], and British colonists in Massachusetts during King Philips War (1675-6) grew a new literary genre. After their redemption, some colonists who had been prisoners of the Indians wrote autobiographical accounts of their experiences. These captivity narratives developed a large audience, and interest in the narratives continued into the nineteenth century.[2] After her captureRead MoreA Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1042 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl† and â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson† are both nonfiction narratives that describe the struggles of women in some form of captivity. The similarities between these two texts are in some ways incredibly obvious, for instance they are both written in the first person from the perspective of marginalized women struggling to merely survive. â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl† specifically deals with the extreme level ofRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1031 Words   |  5 PagesMary Rowlandson Captivity and Spiritual Freedom The Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, or also known as The Sovereignty and Goodness of God, written by Mary Rowlandson is a powerful captivity narrative. Mary Rowlandson gives a first person perspective about her experience of being held captive during King Phillip’s War. Rowlandson lost everything by an Indian attack on her town. The Indian’s over took the town of Lancaster, catching homes on fire, killing and capturingRead MoreA Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson982 Words   |  4 PagesA Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson The life one treasures and takes for granted today can be so easily erased in the blink of an eye and gone tomorrow. Therefore, not only is it important to cherish how one lives for today and now, but it’s also important to how one can overcome the misfortunes and hardships they may suffer; tragedy can make a person or break a person. Mary Rowlandson’s experience during her eleven weeks of captivity as documented in â€Å"A NarrativeRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do n ot however cause her to redirect her life or change her ideals

Portfolio- focusing on Clinical Learning and Teaching Competence

Questions: 1. Describe the health literacy of your target audience for your marketing plan.2. Explain how your marketing plan will address the health literacy of your target audience.3. Describe two strategies you might take to best tailor the messages in your marketing plan to promote uptake within your target audience and explain why. Answers: Health Literacy of the target audience for the marketing plan Health literacy may be defined, as the extent to which an individual possess the ability to obtain, processing and understanding information as well as services of basic health required making suitable decisions regarding health. The selected target audience will be the individuals from the common population who are underprivileged and do not have access to an efficient facilities of healthcare such the individuals living in the slum areas who lack the proper hygienic conditions and other information that are vital for them in terms of the aspects of health. The marketing plan aims to deliver the healthcare services or healthcare delivery. This target audience does not understand the medical as well as technical terminologies and they possess limited information and interventions with respect to the basic healthcare knowledge. Therefore, they rely on an appropriate mode of communication, which can assist them to achieve the required outcomes of health. (Kickbusch et al., 2013). How the marketing plan will address the health literacy of the target audience Before addressing a healthcare plan, the administrators of healthcare must initially consider the target audiences i.e. the underprivileged individuals. The marketing will be propagated to these target audiences by ensuring that an effective communication occurs through the utilization of mass media and other sources so that it could reach to these target audiences. This marketing plan will educate the healthcare providers and the consumers to integrate health literacy. It will incorporate the programs of population health and strategies of education to such as social marketing campaigns, school health education together with training of the the providers of healthcare which will pave the way to meet the health literacy of the targeted audience. It will also focus on the general awareness concerning the proper hygienic conditions and suitable standards of living of the targeted audiences comprising of the underprivileged individuals (Schiavo, 2013). Strategies to tailor the messages in the marketing plan to promote uptake within the target audience In order to promote an uptake within the target population, the two strategies that can tailor the messages in the marketing plan are as follows: The messages should be constructed in such a way that the target audience pays more attention in the marketing plan and are influenced to a much more extent. They should be provided with the opportunity of choosing regarding their health conditions. In the discovery of the target audience, the administrator of healthcare must also establish the health literacy of the target audience and develop strategies for marketing the program or service appropriately within the relevant target audience (Evans, 2016). In order to stay healthy, an individual should know how to read the labels on medicines and food, find the nearest center of health, report the symptoms to the professionals of health. Understand the paperwork of insurance and paying medical bills. For a marketing plan of a healthcare service to be effective, the target audience must possess a high rate of health literacy so that they can decipher the complete marketing plan efficiently (Pleasant, 2013). References Evans, W. D. (2016).Social Marketing Research for Global Public Health: Methods and Technologies. Oxford University Press. Kickbusch, I., Pelikan, J. M., Apfel, F., Tsouros, A. D. (Eds.). (2013).Health literacy: the solid facts. Pleasant, A. (2013). Health literacy around the world: Part 1. Health literacy efforts outside of the United States.HEALTH LITERACY. Schiavo, R. (2013).Health communication: From theory to practice. John Wiley Sons.

Marriage and Family Therapy free essay sample

This paper will also evaluate five major themes relevant to Marriage and Family Therapy which include: ethical dilemmas in marriage and family counseling, premarital counseling qualifications of marriage and family therapists including licensure and certification. The biblical insight related to marriage and family therapy will also be explored as well as my personal reflections about this topic. History and Development of Marriage Counseling Marriage counseling was established in the early 1930s. Counselors recognized the advantages and effectiveness of treating married couples in joined sessions. This growing appreciation for patterns of relationships in families led to numerous studies on marital conflict and dynamics and the effects on childrens development. In 1932, there were three marital clinics said to open. They worked with individuals and their difficulties adhering to traditional gender role expectations. Developed and founded in the late 1970’s was the Marriage and Family Therapy’s code of ethics which is called The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT). We will write a custom essay sample on Marriage and Family Therapy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The organizations philosophy was that marriage and family therapy were two separate areas, each with their own histories, concepts and differing practices. (AAMFT, 2012) Introduction of Marriage and Family Counseling Counseling is to help persons understand and clarify their views of their life space, and to learn to reach their self-determined goals through meaningful, well-informed choices and through resolution or problems of an emotional or interpersonal nature. (Burks and Steffire, 1979 . Focusing on a broader field in counseling, What is Marriage and Family Counseling? Marriage and family counselors work with couples and families on a wide range of clinical problems including, but not limited to, depression, marital strife, communication, and anxiety and child-parent problems. Marriage and family counseling is not just for unhappy or struggling couples, couple’s therapy can be used proactively to strengthen bonds and to gain a better understanding of one other. In addition, before a marriage begins pre-marital counseling can help couples achieve a deeper understanding of each other and iron out differences before their wedding day. They also help families learn to solve their problems by managing their relationships effectively. Family therapists often work with individuals, the couple and parents and children to get a better perspective of patterns that affect the entire system to develop strategies for modification. (Corey, Corey amp; Callanan p. 450 2011). Family Counseling is important to the counseling field this therapy can help people within the family to resolve their disputes and quarrels through effective communication. Proper communication with the help of a therapist or a counselor can help family members discuss their problems and issues with each other. The importance of the family in our development as whole and healthy individuals is recognized as a basic truth by. In most cases, however, a disturbed and distressed client will have some difficult, challenging relationships within his/her family and these will need to be explored and addressed if the client is to discover and create relief and resolution of their problem. Biblical Insights related to Marriage and Family Therapy In the book, Competent Christian Counseling it states that â€Å"To understand the individual, the one must see the individual in the context of his or her system of relationships† This implies that the quality of a individual is much more than one person, the person is a part of a social system that begins with family. (Clinton amp; Ohlsclager p. 518 2002). From a biblical aspect Family is described as a social system that progressed by forming a set of rules, roles, power structure. Forms of communication and way to solve problems. There are four key principles that a Christian counselors point out when approaching any family. The first one is â€Å"The family, in is social dimensions, reflects God†. Meaning that The Father, Son and Holy Spirit all have unique distinctiveness however they are â€Å"one† as God; this is compared to the Family. A family can consist of a mother, father and children or a mother and husband. If thought they are their own persons, they are considered â€Å"one†. The second key principle that is describe is â€Å"Family health, individual health, and maturity are inseparably entwined†. This key principle entails that the powers of family identity and socialization is significant for growth and development among each family member, which can ultimately lead to healthy family living. â€Å"The Family is also like the church is that next basic principle, meaning that a family has functions like the church. Finally, the last key principle describes states that â€Å"Trouble is reproduced, but can also be stopped, in families and in generations of families†. This key principle indicates that there is a psychosocial and spiritual relation among family reproduction pertaining to alcoholism and other issues as describes in Competent Christian Counseling as â€Å"generational curses†. Christians believe that these issues within families from generation to generation can be transformed through Christ. A example is that of Abraham found in Genesis 20. Abrahams family was said to show favoritism to certain children, which continued for three generations. When it comes to marriage counseling, Christian counselors believe marriage counseling helps couples to understand God’s pattern for husband-wife relationships, diagnoses unbiblical patterns and their root causes, and prescribes God’s solutions for soul change that leads to relational growth. Biblical marriage counseling should result in enhanced relationship: closeness with Christ, intimacy with your spouse, and a sense of greater peace. Biblical insights involving to family counseling, the focus is solutions, not simply external solutions. Your counselor will help you to understand God’s design for healthy family living, will assist you to assess unhealthy and unbiblical ways of relating as parents and children, and will equip you to reconcile and grow in your family relationships. Counselor Identity, Functions and Ethics of Marriage and Family Counseling The practice of Marriage and Family counseling rest on the foundation of systems theory, which views psychological problems as arising from within the person’s present environment and intergenerational family system. Corey, Corey, Callanan p. 449 2011). The systems theory is very similar to the views on Christian Counselors as stated earlier; â€Å"Trouble is reproduced, but can also be stopped, in families and in generations of families†. Marriage and Family therapists follow a specific code of ethics know as The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT). Founded in 1942 as the American Association of Marriage Counselors, the A AMFT has been involved with the problems, needs and changing patterns of couples and family relationships. The association focuses on increasing understanding, research and education in the field of marriage and family therapy, and ensuring the quality training of marriage and family therapists. AAMFT members meet standards for education and training and are held to the ethical standards of the profession. (AAMFT, 2011) AAMFT ethics are broken down in eight core areas. The first area is the responsibility to Clients. Marriage and family therapist have a responsibility to the welfare of both the family and individuals in the family. Therapists are to make reasonable efforts to guarantee their services are used properly and accordingly. Confidentiality is the next core area, which applies to all code of ethics pertaining to the counseling field. Confidentially in Marriage and Family is distinctive because the therapist is dealing with a group of people. However, the AAMFT insist on therapists to respect the confidentiality of each individual client. Although, confidentiality is essential, there are some exceptions. Those exceptions include, mandates by the law pertaining to cases of child and elderly abuse, incest, or abuse to persons with disabilities. A therapist has an exemption from confidentially when it is necessary to protect clients from hurting themselves and others (AAMFT, 2011). When working with a family, all family members must agree concerning the release of any information. Some therapists, in fact, arrange for sessions with individual family members to actively encourage the sharing of secrets to better understand what is occurring in the family. The therapist then may work with the individual client in the hope of enabling that person to disclose the same information in the family session. Marriage and family therapists are to maintain high standards if professional competence and integrity. Therapists must remain current on any developments and advances relevant to their field of practice. They can do this by continuing education, training, workshops and interacting with other professionals in the marriage and family therapy field. (Corey, Corey amp; Callanan p. 452 2011). Therapists also have a responsibility to students and supervisees. They are not to manipulate the trust and dependency of the students and supervisees in which there are working with. Responsibility to the profession is the next core is in the AAMFT code of ethics. This includes reporting people practicing without a license and contributing to community service for advancement of the society. The next core area is financial arrangements. Marriage and family therapists are not to misuse clients financially for services. Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions states that clients are to be â€Å"truthful in representing facts to clients and to third parties regarding any services rendered†. The last core area in the ethical standards of Marriage and family therapy is advertising. Therapists are able to truthfully represent their competence, education, training and experience in marriage and family therapy. Nevertheless, they should not advertise themselves as specialists with show evidence and supporting this assertion. The therapists primary responsibilities are to protect the rights and to promote the welfare of his or her clients. The dilemma with multiple clients is that in some situations an intervention that serves one persons best interests may be conflicting to another. Indeed, the very reason that families tend to seek therapy is because they have conflicting goals and interests. The family therapist must insure that improvement in the status of one family member does not Occur at the expense of another family member. Other therapists implement the policy of not keeping secrets from other family members. They clearly discourage the sharing of any information that might lead to a special alliance with one individual and that excludes the remaining uninformed family members. The impact of the therapists values, unavoidable in any counseling process, can play a particularly role in marriage and family therapies. Issues discussed in family therapy elicit very important personal, familial, and societal values regarding preservation of the family system, extramarital relationships, and sex roles. Dealing with these values is not easy, particularly when the therapist confronts a conflict in values among different family members and is inclined to reinforce the beliefs and attitudes of one family member over another (Hines amp; Hare p. 65 1978). Premarital Counseling Couples now face more demands and have fewer supports than ever before. The typical complex marriage includes managing two careers while rearing children really requires that couples have very strong, well-established abilities to communicate, resolve issues, maintain support and set goals. Without this foundation, its easy to feel overwhelmed by stress and time pressures. Problems can intrude mu ch more easily than most couples realize. Therefore, premarital counseling is recommended for couples looking to eventually get married. Research shows that premarital counseling reduces the risk of divorce by up to 30% . Premarital counseling is a type of therapy that helps couples prepare for marriage. Premarital counseling can help ensure that you and your partner have a strong, healthy relationship, giving you a better chance for a stable and satisfying marriage. Premarital counseling can also help you identify weaknesses that could become bigger problems during marriage. There are a variety of formats of counseling through local psychology and counseling centers, including individual counseling, small group counseling and interactive seminars where couples participate with a large number of other couples. (Wright p. 65 1992) Characteristics and Qualifications of Marriage and Family Therapists To be qualified as a marriage and family therapist requires not just that you get the right degree, pass the right tests and meet the licensing requirements, but that you possess qualities that prove you to be both sensitive and firm. Corey, Corey and Callanan in Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions identifies personal characteristics for effective marriage and family therapists as being assertive, confident, accepting, appreciating the influence of diversity to just name a few. Self knowledge is predominantly vital for marriage and family therapists because when working with a family, their reactions and perceptions are influenced by their own regard to family of origin issues. Marriage and Family Therapists must be sensitive to dealing with peoples most personal and graphic secrets, shame, guilt and rage. A Marriage and Family therapist should be embarrassed to hear about these things or make distasteful comments about a chosen lifestyle or action, otherwise she risks shutting out the patient. An effective marriage and family therapists must listen to stories that are painful to hear but should remember that those stories are always more painful for the teller than the listener. An important quality in an marriage and family therapists is recognizing the difference between judging and advising. A good marriage and family therapist will help the patient with insights into sensible decisions that lead to greater personal happiness and responsibility but will not tell the patient what choice to make or ask the patient to adhere to the therapists own likes and dislikes. An marriage and family therapist should distinguish between dysfunctional qualities in a patient and those that are simply non-normative. Marriage and family therapists may hear confessions of illegal activity or hear from the victims of crimes, and legal codes dictate what they have to report. A therapists job is not just to listen but to encourage the patient to take action in his life to get the patient to see their actions in a clear light and make good decisions in turn. Marriage and family therapist can become eligible for state certification, or licensure, upon completion of their internship. First, candidates must register with the Association of Marital and Therapy Regulatory Boards. The Regulatory board will examine the applicants credentials, education and experience to establish competency before the applicant can qualify for testing. State certification costs vary from state to state. Each state has different rules regarding retesting if the candidate does not pass the test on his or her first attempt. Upon completion of the test, scores are validated and mailed to the candidate. A candidate who has passed the state exam is called a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and is free to practice in a private or clinical setting. The educational requirements to become a Marriage and Family Therapist are regulated by each state and thus may vary; however, most will require a masters degree or higher in Marriage and Family Therapy or a related field from an accredited institution. It is essential for students to gain experience in working with a selection of families from different ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. A program that offers a all-inclusive course work and clinical supervision provides the ideal learning situation. Corey, Corey amp; Callanan p. 457 2011) Ethical Dilemmas is Marriage and Family Counseling Couples counselors and family and marriage therapists are likely to encounter many ethical dilemmas throughout their careers. Because of the nature of couples therapy, issues pertaining to informed consent, confidentiality, multiple relationships, and value systems can have a damaging effect of the counselor-client relationship if they arent handled appropriately and discussed by both parties at the beginning of the counseling relationship. Informed consent refers to the process of informing clients about the therapeutic process. Issues such as fees and payment schedules, appointment cancellation policy, theoretical framework that the counselor employs in his practice, approaches and techniques the counselor intends to use with clients and the limits of confidentiality should all be discussed. In addition to discussing verbal consultation, clients also should be given an informed consent package detailing all the information discussed in session. Clients should be asked to sign an informed consent document for both the client and counselors records. In couples counseling, informed consent prevents misunderstandings, disagreements and hostility between the counselor and the client. (AAMFT, 2011) One of the biggest ethical dilemmas in any kind of counseling is confidentiality. This is particularly complicated when it comes to couples counseling in which couples receive both individual and couple counseling. It is important for the counselor to determine early on in the counseling process whether information disclosed in individual counseling sessions will be kept confidential or if both individuals will sign waivers allowing whats discussed in private sessions to be brought up in couples counseling. According to the AAMFT Code of Ethics, counselors must discuss the limits of confidentiality with their clients and make sure clients understand these limits. Article 2. of the AAMFT Code of Ethics states that marriage and family therapists do not disclose client confidences except by written authorization or waiver, or where mandated or permitted by law. Verbal authorization will not be sufficient except in emergency situations, unless prohibited by law. When providing couple, family or group treatment, the therapist does not disclose information outside the treatment context without a written authorization from each individual competent to execute a waiver. In the context of couple, family or group treatment, the therapist may not reveal any individuals confidences to others in the client unit without the prior written permission of that individual. (AAMFT, 2011) In counseling, multiple relationships refer to a situation when the counselor and client are engaged in a sexual or nonsexual relationship outside the counseling relationship. Multiple relationships are often unavoidable, especially in small towns; as a counselor, you may attend the same church as your clients, your children might be on the same soccer team or you may serve on the same board or council. However, multiple relationships should always be avoided when possible. In couples counseling, multiple relationships can further complicate the counseling relationship if the counselor is involved in a multiple relationship with one client but not the other. The client that is not involved in the multiple relationships may feel that the counselor is taking sides or treating her unfairly. (Corey, Corey amp; Callanan 2011) At some point in their careers, counselors are likely to encounter couples with a value and belief system that differs significantly from their own. Within the counseling relationship, the counselor has a position of authority; the counselor must not take advantage of this position by trying to impose his values on the client or clients. Counselors must understand that individuals from different backgrounds, cultures, ethnicities and religions than their own may have different value systems. It is not the counselors job to change his clients value system; it is only the counselors job to help clients become comfortable with the decisions they make within their personal value systems. Article 1. of the AAMFT Code of ethics states that marriage and family counselors respect the rights of clients to make decisions and help them to understand the consequences of these decisions. (AAMFT, 2011). Personal Reflections In todays world more and more people are experiencing life struggles when it comes to family. These issues can range from problems in a marriage, how to deal with your children issues and understand yourself and how to deal with your family and certain issues. The area of marriage and family counseling/therapy has had an outbreak over the past decade. The counselors are expected to work effectively with families experiencing a variety of issues and problems. In marriage and family therapy/counseling there are so many different types of techniques that are out there but should be used and looked upon not a cure, but a method to help mobilize the family. Choosing this topic wasnt hard for me because of the love I have my family and evaluating what I believe needs to be repaired and what I believe stands strong for us. I believe in saving marriages and families, I think it is really important. Having strong family and a stable marriage plays such a major part in kids lives today, they need a solid foundation in order to have a healthy life. Watching so many young couples get divorce after less than two years of marriage and seeing how the kids suffer really from the break up of the family. I believe that if younger therapist/counselors were out there and start getting involved in the community, church and conducting seminars relating to marriage and families this could be the beginning of change. This is why I chose this topic to research.

How should I study to improve my academic performance in school Essays

How should I study to improve my academic performance in school Essays How should I study to improve my academic performance in school Essay How should I study to improve my academic performance in school Essay Analyzing is non reading. It requires a more intense and organized attempt. To analyze efficaciously, you must hold good planning, memory, reading, note pickings and clip direction skills.A To analyze efficaciously you must get the hang certain accomplishments: A planning, memorizing, clip direction, note pickings, and sometimes pull offing emphasis. Everyone has a different learning style . Consequently, everyone has a different studying style . But the manner that you are analyzing right now might non be the best for you. How would you cognize? Easy: If your classs aren’t what you’d like them to be, so you likely need to alter how you study! A ) . A Good Study Place Although analyzing in a seated room or residence hall room ( for pupils in get oning schools ) , A is convenient, it is frequently a hapless topographic point to larn. The dorm/sitting room has a overplus of distractions including sweet voices of your singing friends. If you want to better your concentration and efficiency as a pupil, learn to analyze from the category, library or any other quiet topographic point. You need a good survey topographic point to be prepared to analyze. You should be able to reply YES to all of the undermentioned inquiries: 1. Be my survey topographic point free from breaks? It is of import to hold uninterrupted survey clip. You must keep silence in category. Research shows that most pupils study best in a quiet environment. Survey at the same clip and at the same topographic point, devoted to analyze merely. This helps you to tie in the clip and topographic point with analyzing and concentrating. You will happen that you get into a wont of analyzing every bit shortly as you sit down. However, alteration of environment may assist in pull offing emphasis. 2. Make my survey topographic point contain all the survey stuffs I need? Be certain your survey topographic point includes mention beginnings and supplies such as pens and pencils, paper, swayer, reckoner, and whatever else you might necessitate. 3. Does my Study Space contain a clean desk or tabular array? While working on an assignment or analyzing for a trial, use a desk that is free from other distractive stuffs. Allow adequate room for authorship and seek to avoid jumble. You need adequate room to hive away your survey stuffs. Be certain you have adequate storage infinite to let you to maintain your desktop or other work surface clear of unneeded stuffs that can acquire in the manner. B ) Pull off Your Time Schooling is a full-time occupation. And pull offing your clip is of import. If you have an activity after category that you do merely for merriment or if you participate in co-curricular activities ( whether school-related or non ) , maintain your precedences in head: Your academic work should come foremost! Set yourself a grade end. If you don’t run into it, cut down on some of the activities you are involved in. C ) Take Notes in Class A ; ever Rewrite during prep clip Good perusal Begins with good notes taken in category. Just as everyone has a different acquisition manner, different instructors have different instruction manners: Some instructors lecture, some lead treatments, some facilitate single work ( as in a lab ) , etc. Consequently, different schoolroom scenes will necessitate different note-taking techniques. The followers are some of the suggestions: I. Take Complete Notes The cardinal thought of taking good notes in category is to compose down every bit much as possible. There are several grounds to take notes that are every bit complete as possible: 1. It will coerce you to pay attending to what’s traveling on in category. 2. It will maintain you awake ( ! ) 3. There will be less that you’ll have to memorise that clip since you have a mention. 4. It enhances understanding when you review your notes. But if you have uncomplete notes, it will be difficult for you to larn what you didn’t take notes on. two. D ) Ask inquiries and do remarks If you have a inquiry or something comes to mind as you’re taking notes, you have two picks: You can lend to the category treatment by inquiring your inquiry or doing your remark. Or you can jot your inquiry or remark down in your notes. I suggest ever making the latter, but besides making the former every bit frequently as possible. One ground that you should ever set your inquiry or remark in your notes is so that you won’t bury it ; you can so ever convey it up subsequently, either in category or one-on-one with the instructor or a fellow pupil. By the manner, if you have a inquiry, particularly if you need elucidation of something that the instructor said or wrote ( perchance because it was unhearable or illegible ) , inquire it! Make non be embarrassed about inquiring it! I can vouch you that there will be at least one other pupil in the category ( and frequently many more ) who will be highly thankful to you for holding asked the really same inquiry that they were excessively embarrassed to inquire, and they will come to see you as wise and brave for holding asked it. ( So will the instructor! )

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Sociology - Essay Example ucture to its formation and progress as a function of social units, customs, interactions, and general stimuli within the society built around to affect that behavior (Farlex). Besides proposition of acknowledged theories which most hard sciences carry out through an inductive process, social science has made it a point to be founded on a deductive methodology, taking the matter of fact that by real experience, social relation would not set itself alone in an individual, as distinctly impacting oneself apart from external communication or influence by others. It has then become a requirement in its meaning that a social relationship should validate its existence in a situation where there flows substantial interaction between two individuals at least. Social institution, on the other hand, establishes and enhances such interaction by getting individuals in a framework that makes them meet, know each other increasingly, and eventually share a common ground from which to form a culture. As normally encountered on a longer term, this culture or way of life becomes one’s source of paradigm and core values to be used in response to how its continuous reality shapes the human being who is self-aware of the necessity to either maintain or modify his social attributes whenever it suits him. The mutual aims and interests of humans who socialize with each other on a regular basis among different institutions under diverse culture, further fit into a sum known as society. It is perhaps in deeply ascertaining what the society ought to be made of in view of idealism that had made the typical concept of classifying individuals into ranks based on the results of their talents effected through constant socialization which later establishes for them an economy and status they can be identified with. Economic discussions are however rather more specialized to go with social factors and must be treated in separate detail beside the points brought up in sociological studies. In

HR plans and the organizational context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

HR plans and the organizational context - Essay Example HR management can play a role in identifying and analyzing external opportunities and threats that may be crucial to the company's success. It is in a unique position to supply competitive intelligence that may be useful in the strategic planning process. The HR function needs to be treated as a line function. HRM first reared its head in the 1980's with increased globalization of markets and intensified competition (Sisson, 1989, 1990; Blyton and Turnbull, 19941). The globalization of markets was facilitated by an IT- induced communication system and the diversification of the labor market. The international division of labor coupled with the rise and growth of multinational companies saw the emergence of Human Resource Management as a new and key factor in organizational success (Nolan and O'Donnel, 1991)2. HRM is an offshoot of Personnel Management and deals with the practice of identifying and placing the 'right people' people into the 'right' into jobs. Thus the basic gist of HRM lies in tying individual employee empowerment with organization development (Glueck, 1974). 3 The main dimensions of HRM involve the goal of integration (i.e. ... the use of planning a coherent approach in the design and management of personnel systems as an employment policy and manpower strategy, and often underpinned by a philosophy matching welfare and management activities and policies to an explicit business strategy, and seeing the people of the organization as a strategic resource for achieving competitive advantage. Guest in 1987 5outlined the main components of HRM: The main dimensions of HRM involve the goal of integration (i.e. human resources can be integrated into strategic plans, if human resource policies cohere, if line managers have internalized the importance of human resources, and this is reflected in their behaviour and if employees identify with the company, and then the company's strategic plans are likely to be more successfully implemented), the goal of employee commitment, the goal of flexibility/ adaptability (i.e. organic structures, functional flexibility), the goal of quality (i.e. quality of staff, performance, standards and public image. In a nutshell, HRM encompasses all the essential nitty- gritty details which build the foundation of an organization. But HRM should not be considered in a 'stand alone context.' According to Rao, 2001, HRM today ought to be taken in conjunction with external market, labor and media forces. HRM is heavily influenced by socio- economic and political policies shaping the industrial workplace. In addition, HRM also has to consider internal organizational corporate climate. Thus, HR executives don many hats dealing effectively with many influences to get the best performance from employees. Thus, HRM is not only about profits and productivity. It is about understanding employees. HRM in today's global society is concerned with employee empowerment to

Assessing the occupational competence in the work enviroment Essay Example for Free

Assessing the occupational competence in the work enviroment Essay C. IN CARRYING OUT ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE, I WOULD ASK MYSELF: †¢How effective was my assessment and feedback? †¢Was there anything I didn’t anticipate? †¢How did I deal with it? †¢What went well? †¢What could I improve? †¢If I had to change anything what would I do DIFFERENTLY? I WOULD ASK THE LEARNER WHAT THEY INTEND TO DO AND HOW THEY ARE GOING TO ACHIEVE IT, GET THEM TO TELL ME WHAT TOOLS THEY ARE GOING TO USE TO GET THE DESIRED LOOK AND WHY THEY WILL BE USING THEM, ALSO WHAT PRODUCTS ARE GOING TO BE USED (IF ANY). ONCE THEY HAVE FINISHED THE ASSESSMENT I WILL ASK THEM. HOW THEY THINK IT WENT AND THEN GIVE THEM MY FEEDBACK. MY FEEDBACK WILL START WITH A POSITIVE E. G. WELL DONE FOR KEEPING WITHIN THE TIME SCALE. AND THEN TELL THEM IF THE ASSESSMENT WAS ACHIEVED OR NOT AND IF NOT HOW THEY COULD WORK TOWARDS ACHIEVING IT. I WILL FINISH WITH ANOTHER POSITIVE AND SETTING A NEW TARGET WITH A NEW DATE. BY KEEPING A REFLECTIVE JOURNAL ON MY EXPERIENCES AND THOUGHTS IT WOULD HELP ME WITH MY FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AND GIVE ME USEFUL PRACTICE IN SELF-EVALUATION. D. TO MAINTAIN THE CURRENCY OF OWN EXPERTISE AND COMPETENCE RELEVANT TO OWN ROLE IN ASSESSING. OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE, I WILL NEED TO KEEP MY KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS UP TO DATE IN ORDER FOR ME TO BE AN EFFECTIVE AND CREDIBLE ASSESSOR. I WILL NEED TO MAINTAIN CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND I WILL HAVE TO KEEP UP TO DATE WITH RELEVANT GOVERNMENT LEGISLATIONS, AWARDING ORGANISATION REGULATIONS, POLICIES AND ORGANISATION PROCEDURES RELATED TO ASSESSMENT AND QUALITY ASSURANCE. I WILL ALSO NEED TO KEEP UP TO DATE WITH NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND TEACHING. I WILL ATTEND FURTHER TRAINING COURSES TO KEEP MY CPD UP TO DATE AND KEEP A LOG OF IT. I WILL ATTEND STANDARDISATION. MEETINGS TO SHOW THAT I AM KEEPING MY ASSESSORS QUALIFICATION UP TO STANDARD REQUIRED BY THE GOVERNING BODIES. OUTCOME 4 BE ABLE TO PLAN THE ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE. B. TO PLAN ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING METHODS: †¢Observation of performance in the work ENVIRONMENT I WOULD OBSERVE THE LEARNER BY THEIR PERFORMANCE MAKING SURE THE CRITERIA IS COVERED. THIS WOULD BE DONE THROUGH ONE TO ONE WITH THE LEARNER. I WOULD MAKE SURE START AND FINISH TIMES WERE SET AND MAKE SURE THE SERVICE PROVIDED IS GOING TO MEET THE STANDARDS REQUIREMENTS. ANY  DOCUMENTATION WOULD HAVE TO BE FILLED IN, SIGNED AND DATED AND NEW TARGETS WOULD BE SET. †¢Examining products of work – I would check that THE WORK OF THE LEARNER HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT IN THE CORRECT AND PROFESSIONAL WAY AND THE END RESULT HAS THE DESIRED LOOK AND FINISH. †¢Questioning the learner – I would initially ask the LEARNER WHAT THEIR PLAN OF ACTION IS AND HOW THEY ARE GOING TO ACHIEVE IT, IF MORE CRITERIA NEEDED TO BE MET I WOULD ASK MORE QUESTIONS TO GIVE THEM THE OPPORTUNITY TO TRY AND MEET THE LEVEL REQUIRED. †¢Discussing with the learner – I would make sure the DISCUSSIONS WERE RELEVANT TO THE OUTCOMES AND. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA, I WOULD DISCUSS THE UNITS THAT NEED TO BE COVERED AND HOW WE COULD USE ONE VISIT TO COVER MORE THAN ONE UNIT (HOLISTIC APPROACH). I WOULD ALSO DISCUSS THE AMOUNT OF TIME NEEDED FOR THE PROCESS AND DATES AND TIMES OF VISITS. I WOULD MAKE IT CLEAR TO THE LEARNER WHAT I WOULD EXPECT FROM THEM FOR A COMPETENT ASSESSMENT. †¢Use of others (witness testimony) – As an assessor YOU WOULD NEED TO BE A PROFESSIONAL IN HAIRDRESSING WITH X NUMBER OF YEAR’S EXPERIENCE. YOU WOULD NEED TO BE FAMILIAR WITH THE NATIONAL STANDARDS AND CARRYING OUT OBSERVATIONS, YOU WOULD DOCUMENT ALL. THAT HAS BEEN OBSERVED BUT COULD NOT ENTER INTO THE CANDIDATES LOG BOOK. †¢Looking at learner statements – The learner would HAVE DOCUMENTED EXTRA EVIDENCE. THIS WOULD BE A WRITE UP ON UNDERPINNING QUESTIONS WHEN A RANGE HAS NOT QUITE BEEN MET. THIS COULD ALSO BE A WRITE UP ON A HAIR STYLE THAT WAS ACHIEVED, EXPLAINING HOW THEY WENT ABOUT GETTING THE ACHIEVED LOOK. †¢Insufficient evidence – If a learner hands back their ASSIGNMENT BUT HAS NOT MET THE CRITERIA COVERED, THEY WOULD BE TOLD THERE WAS INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO COMPLETE THE ASSIGNMENT. THEY WOULD BE ASKED TO ADD THE REQUIRED EVIDENCE MAKING THE. ASSIGNMENT ACHIEVABLE. †¢Recognising prior learning – This would be when a LEARNER HAS COMPLETED A UNIT IN ANOTHER QUALIFICATION WITHIN THE SET TIME OF THE NATIONAL STANDARDS. I WOULD CHECK THEIR CERTIFICATION FOR PROOF OF THIS AND GET THE LEARNER TO TAKE THE TEST OF UNDER PINNING KNOWLEDGE SO THEY WOULD NOT HAVE TO DO THE SAME UNIT AGAIN. I WOULD BE ABLE TO DOCUMENT THIS IN THE LEARNERS LOG BOOK WITH A RPL FORM, THE FORM WOULD NEED TO BE SIGNED AND DATED FROM THE ACHIEVED DATE ON THE CERTIFICATE. C. TO PLAN THE ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE TO ADDRESS LEARNER NEEDS AND CURRENT ACHIEVEMENTS. IN MY ASSESSMENT PLAN I WOULD IDENTIFY ANY SPECIFIC NEED THAT THE LEARNER MAY HAVE E. G. DYSLEXIA (I WOULD CHECK WITH THE RELEVANT DEPARTMENT WITHIN THE TRAINING ESTABLISHMENT TO SEE WHAT HELP COULD BE OFFERED TO THE LEARNER I. E. EXTRA TIME GIVEN FOR ASSIGNMENTS AND WRITTEN TESTS). I WOULD THEN AGREE THE LEVEL AND EXTENT OF THEIR CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS. D. IN ASSESSMENT PLANNING MEETINGS WHEREVER POSSIBLE I WILL ALWAYS TRY TO TAKE A HOLISTIC APPROACH. IF ONE UNIT IS BEING TAKEN I WOULD IDENTIFY HOW MANY OUTCOMES AND CRITERIA MIGHT BE MET, I WOULD DO THIS BY USING THE ASSESSMENT METHODS OF: OBSERVATION, EXAMINATION OF. PRODUCTS OF WORK AND QUESTIONING. AS AN ASSESSOR, WORK TO HOLISTIC ASSESSMENT PRINCIPLES WILL MAXIMISE OPPORTUNITY AND SAVE TIME AND COST. IF I HAVE ARRANGED TO BE OBSERVED ASSESSING COMPETENCE, EXAMINING PRODUCTS OF WORK AND QUESTIONING, I COULD DISCUSS WITH MY ASSESSOR WHETHER I COULD BE OBSERVED CARRYING OUT AN ASSESSMENT PLANNING MEETING DURING THE SAME VISIT. THIS COULD BE A FOLLOW ON PLANNING MEETING WITH A LEARNER WHO IS READY TO GO ON TO THE NEXT STAGE OF THEIR ASSESSMENT. BILINGUALISM DEALING WITH BILINGUALISM WOULD FIRST HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED AT THE INITIAL ASSESSMENT; THE LEARNER’S FIRST. LANGUAGE IS NOT ENGLISH SO AS AN ASSESSOR I WOULD HAVE TO FIND THE BEST WAY OF COMMUNICATION. THIS COULD BE IN USING AN TRANSLATOR (ELECTRONICALLY OR A DICTIONARY) THERE WOULD HAVE TO BE A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF ENGLISH VOCABULARY ON THE LEARNER’S BEHALF TO HAVE BEEN ABLE TO PASS THE TESTING THAT IS INITIALLY DONE BEFORE ACCEPTANCE OF THE COURSE. SKILLS TESTING A SKILL TESTING IS A PRACTICAL OBSERVATION OF A SET SKILL TASK THAT HAS BEEN SET BY THE ASSESSOR. THE ASSESSOR WILL TELL THE LEARNER WHAT IS REQUIRED AND GIVE THE LEARNER A SET TIME TO GET THE TASK ACHIEVED. THIS CAN BE USED TO CHECK THE LEARNER’S CAPABILITIES. MAINTAIN LEGAL AND GOOD PRACTICE REQUIREMENTS WHEN ASSESSING VOCATIONAL SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING UV30566 TRACEY HEARNE OUTCOME 4 TO EVALUATE MY OWN WORK IN CARRYING OUT ASSESSMENT OF VOCATIONAL SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING I WOULD ASK MYSELF: DID THE LEARNER UNDERSTAND WHAT NEEDED TO BE DONE TO MEET THE CRITERIA? WAS THE FEEDBACK CLEAR ENOUGH FOR THE LEARNER TO UNDERSTAND? WERE ASSESSMENTS MARKED AND RETURNED WITHIN THE TIMESCALE? BY ASKING MYSELF THESE QUESTIONS I CAN EVALUATE MY OWN WORK WITH THE EVIDENCE THAT I HAVE RECORDED. D. TAKE PART IN CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT TO  ENSURE CURRENT EXPERTISE AND COMPETENCE IN ASSESSING VOCATIONAL SKILL, KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. IN TAKING PART OF ‘CPD’ THIS IS TO KEEP MY KNOWLEDGE UP TO DATE, AND TO MAINTAIN NEW SKILLS WHILST ASSESSING. I NEED TO BE ABLE TO PROVE HOW I HAVE BEEN DOING THIS. I NEED TO SHOW CERTIFICATES I HAVE GAINED IN COURSES I HAVE ATTENDED. KEEP A RECORD OF HOURS WORKED/SHADOWED. MADE REGULAR VISITS TO RELEVANT WEBSITES. (WWW. HABIA. ORG) READING RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS (HAIRDRESSERS JOURNAL (HJI). KEEPING A LOG OF ALL MY ATTENDANCE AND PARTICIPATION IN EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES WILL BE MY RECORD OF ‘CPD’.

Thomas Hobbes Leviathan and the Fundamental Principle of a Society Ess

At the core of Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan rests one fundamental value of a society, from which Hobbes derives all other laws: the duty to self-preservation. At the same time, many of Hobbes’ claims rest on his assumption that there is very little difference between men in their physical and mental abilities. By these two ideas, Hobbes asserts that it is to the advantage of every individual’s duty to self- preservation to seek peace with all other men (Hobbes Ch. 13, p. 2). But, in reading this text we must ask ourselves: Does Hobbes consider what would happen if a person were both confident and skilled enough that he or she could subvert the confederate power of all other men? What difficulties might such a person present to the ethical solidarity of the Hobbesian state? To answer these questions, I will first deliver a short story that brings the ethical trustworthiness of the Hobbesian state into question. With this story I will then illuminate the flaws of the Hobbesian state, which can be traced back to its fundamental principle of self-preservation. Finally, I will present a different fundamental principle for the laws of a state, equal and fair love, enumerating its advantages. To begin, imagine the following story. In a time very similar to the current one but not our own, the state exists exactly as Hobbes had presented in The Leviathan. The Sovereign rules absolutely; every citizen holds the right of self-preservation as the fundamental value of their society; and Hobbes is remembered as a national hero. However, the nation currently suffers from a great recession, and many live in terrible poverty. Trusting all their rights to the state, the citizens cling to a hope for a better future. But among these citizens, no one is more passionate or more devout for the state than Aminta1. As a criminal investigator for the state police, Aminta has received plentiful training and experience which distinguishes her as an above-average individual in terms of general intelligence. However, Aminta possesses one great idiosyncrasy that sharply distinguishes her from the rest of her people. She 1 From the Greek word for â€Å"protector† or â€Å"defender† (English-Greek Dictionary) holds no fear or belief in God and believes there is only this life and its punishments. Aminta deems belief in the divine as the folklore... ...obbesian state. For one, there is nothing inherent to the preservation of one’s own freedom that would enable a man to have regard for another man’s well-being. Just like the duty to self-preservation, this principle may permit the American citizen to disregard the needs of his fellow man, so long as his freedoms have not been infringed. Thus, we begin to see the incredible influence Hobbes’ work has had in much of today’s political theory. If a state were to decide to alter its fundamental principle, it appears it would take years of pulling up bricks to lay the groundwork for a new fundamental principle. Equal and fair love may be more advantageous, but it would take incredible amounts of energy to implement in a state today. Works Cited Hobbes, Thomas. The English Works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury; Now First Collected and Edited by Sir William Molesworth, Bart. Vol. 3. London: Bohn, 1839-45. Electronic. Locke, John. The Works of John Locke in Nine Volumes. 12th ed. Vol. 4. London: Rivington, 1824. Electronic. â€Å"Defender,† â€Å"Protect.† English-Greek Dictionary. 2nd ed. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1959. Print.

Neurophysiological and Evolutionary Theories of Learning Essay

In the study of learning, learning theories are categorized into paradigms or schools of thought based on viewpoints shared by scientists that provide a framework for research. Three of the major paradigms of learning theories include the cognitive paradigm, the neurophysiological paradigm and the evolutionary paradigm. The first paradigm is referred to as cognitive because theorists place their emphasis on the cognitive nature of learning. According to Hergenhahn and Olson (2005), the second paradigm is called neurophysiological because it attempts to isolate the mental and physiological correlates of things such as learning, perception, thinking and intelligence. The third paradigm is termed evolutionary because theorists attempt to explain learning processes based on an organism’s evolutionary history. DiscussionThere are several theorists whose ideas are predominately cognitive. Theses theorists include the Gestalt psychologists Kurt Lewin and Kurt Koffka, as well as Jean Piaget, Edward Chace Tolman, and Albert Bandura. Wertheimer, Kohler and Lewin were founders of the Gestalt movement. According to Hergenhahn and Olson (2005), Gestalt theorists believed that â€Å"we experience the world in meaningful wholes and do not see isolated stimuli but stimuli gathered together into meaningful configurations† (p. 264). Kurt Lewin proposed a field theory of human motivation. He believed that behavior and cognitive processes are determined by various psychological facts that a person is consciously experiencing. The psychological facts are interdependent and any change in one can affect all the others, therefore influencing our behavior. Kurt Koffka, another Gestaltist falling under the cognitive paradigm defined the law of Pragnanz in Gestalt Theory. The law of Pragnanz states that, â€Å"all mental events tend toward completeness, simplicity, and meaningfulness† (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2005, p. 473). Followers of Gestalt theory used this law as a guiding principle when studying learning. Another cognitive theorist was Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget contributed several theories including intelligence, schemata, assimilation and accommodation, and interiorization. According to his theory of intelligence, â€Å"intelligence  is any act that creates optimal conditions for the organism’s survival under the existing circumstances† (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2005 p. 295). Intelligence effects how one adapts to the ever-changing environment. In Piaget’s schemata theory a person’s schema is a cognitive structure that allows a person to act and respond to the environment. A schema can be either overt or covert behavior. The theory of assimilation explains how a person can respond to the environment using existing cognitive structures. The theory of accommodation explains how an organism adapts to the environment by modifying cognitive structures. Piaget’s concept of interiorization is described by Hergenhahn and Olson (2005) as â€Å"the gradual decreased dependence on the physical environment and the increased utilization of cognitive structures† (p. 299). Through this process, organisms can respond to more complex situations by thinking about them. Edward Chace Tolman’s ideas were also predominately cognitive. He believed that organisms develop a mental picture of the environment which he referred to as a cognitive map. The cognitive map develops when mental expectations are confirmed by experience. When an organism is faced with a problem, it utilizes the cognitive map and chooses the best solution requiring the least amount of work according to Tolman’s principle of least effort that will result in satisfaction. Albert Bandura, another cognitive theorist suggested that behavior is learned through observation. He theorized that learning is influenced by four processes. The first process, the attentional process, involves the observer attending to the model. The second process is called the retentional process. This process involves the observer retaining the information gained from the observation by storing it cognitively. The third process is the behavioral production process which requires the learner to have the physical capabilities or behavioral abilities to perform what is learned. The final process, the motivational process provides incentives that motivate the learner to actually perform what has been learned. Bandura also theorized that people’s behavior is also determined by reciprocal determinism. Hergenhahn and Olson (2005) summarize Bandura’s concept of reciprocal determinism by stating that, â€Å"behavior, the environment, and  people (and their beliefs) all interact† (p. 349). Falling under the neurophysiological paradigm is the theorist Donald Olding Hebb. Some of his theories included that of restricted environments, enriched environments, cell assemblies, phase sequences, and sensory deprivation. In Hebb’s theory of restricted environments, Hergenhahn and Olson (2005), explain that if an environment lacks stimulation or experience, it can have a negative impact on the growth and development of nervous system. A restrictive environment can disrupt normal intellectual and perceptual development. In contrast, an enriched environment full of stimulation and experience can enhance development. Hebb also believed that â€Å"each environmental object we experience stimulates a complex pattern of neurons called cell assemblies† (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2005, p. 379). The cell assemblies provide the basis of a thought. When cell assemblies become interconnected they form phase sequences. Phase sequences allow us to have streams of thoughts. According to Hergenhahn and Olson (2005), â€Å"Hebb concluded in his theories that â€Å"not only is sensory information necessary for proper neurophysiological development, but it is also necessary for the maintenance of normal functioning† (p. 384). When an organisms experience sensory deprivation, severe cognitive disorientation, stress and fear can occur. Hebb believed that the environment had a direct effect on mental and physiological processes which influenced behavior and learning. The final paradigm is the evolutionary paradigm. Attempting to explain the learning process using evolutionary principles was the theorist Robert C. Bolles. Hergenhahn and Olson (2005) state that Bolles believed that â€Å"learning involved the development of expectancies† (p. 425). Expectancies are when an organism learns that one event leads to another. Bolles believed that organisms had innate predispositions for behavior and that motivation restricts response flexibility. Hergenhahn and Olson (2005) explain that an organism’s natural reaction in a situation may make it difficult to learn a new response. Using the niche argument, â€Å"Bolles argued that an understanding of learning must be accompanied by an understanding of the evolutionary history of the organism† (Hergenhahn and Olson, (2005), p. 427). According this argument, organisms have to learn certain behaviors that they are  predispositioned for and not learn others depending on their niche and how they fit in the big picture. This can determine whether the organism is successful or not in adapting to its environment. Conclusion Although learning theorist in the various paradigms have attempted to explain learning and its processes, many questions are still unanswered. One of these questions is how does learning vary as a function of maturation? If learning occurs differently in different stages it would be beneficial to conduct research on how maturation affects the learning process. The information yielded from such research could be very beneficial in regards to education. Another unanswered question is how does learning vary as a function of species? If some organisms have the biological ability to learn certain behaviors and some do not, how can research involving different species be beneficial? If psychologists want to learn more about the learning process in humans, they should study humans rather than making generalizations across species. Other questions that remain unanswered involve learning and personality characteristics, learning as a function of the total environment, learning and associations, as well as learning and instinctive behavior. It is imperative that more research be conducted in an attempt to answer these questions about learning to give people a greater comprehension of learning. The more knowledge we have about the learning process and what affects it, the better we will be at making learning successful. References: Hergenhahn, B.R., & Olson, M. (2005). An Introduction to Theories of Learning. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.

Media Violence And Its Effects - 1057 Words

Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. Aggression is caused by several factors, of which media violence is one. Research investigating the effects of media violence in conjunction with other predictors of aggression such as; environmental factors and dysfunction within the family household, is needed in order to better understand its contribution to aggressive behavior. Furthermore, the debate of whether or not how media violence leads to aggression has received renewed attention following tragic events; Sandy Hook, Umpqua Community College in Kosenburg, Oregon, 2012 Aurora shooting, traumatic news coverage, a 8 year old boy intentionally shot and killed elderly caregiver and countless other events; all of these casualties were caused by media violence. Media violence can be a murder simulator; by teaching and guiding how to commit aggressive and violent crimes. Aggression is usually defined by behavioral scientists as behavior that is intended to harm another person. Common forms of aggression are physical (for example, punching), verbal (for example, saying or writing hurtful things to another person), and relational (for example, intentionally and publicly not inviting someone to a social function to harm their social relationships). Violence usually isShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media Violence In The Media1212 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction With the recent increase in media presence throughout the world, there has also been an increase in violence portrayed through the media. Media violence is believed to be causing aggression in today’s youth and society. This paper will examine the potential reasons on how media violence is causing aggression Review of Literature In a study conducted, media psychologists, mass communication scientists, pediatricians, and parents all completed an anonymous online survey that asked whetherRead MoreThe Effects of Violence in the Media944 Words   |  4 PagesViolence in the media started as early when Plato was around Complaints about violence in the media being harmful appear all through history. Even Plato was worried about the effects on children. The study of violence in the media reviews the amount of correlation between the themes of violence in our media sources with real-world damage and violence over time. A lot of this research has been deprived from the social learning theory concluded by Albert Bandura. The media effects thoughts in modernRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On The Media1550 Words   |  7 PagesThe effect of violence in the media is a big controversy; some say it affects are society and others say that there is not any proof of this. There are many theories on how violence in media does, and how it does not, affect our society. Many people claim watching television or even playing video games will affect children’s or young adults’ minds. Researches claim that they found no evidence of change in aggressiveness in children or young adults while playing video games. Researchers allowed childrenRead MoreThe Effects of Violence in the Media2052 Words   |  8 PagesViolence in the Media It has been a long day and you decide to sit down to relax while watching some television. You turn on the TV and begin flipping through channels. On one channel, you see some random news report on a tragic school shooting that occurred across the country. Changing to another, you might catch the last 30 minutes of a slasher, horror flick. The last channel you come across, before turning off the TV, features a popular television show where the main cast fights a new villainRead MoreEffects of Media Violence1973 Words   |  8 PagesThe potential relationship between media violence and actual aggression comes to the forefront of public discussion, but unfortunately this discussion rarely takes into account the science related to the relationship between media violence and aggressive behavior. In particular, there is a widespread assumption that media violence directly causes aggression and aggressive behavior, and this assumption has become so common that even secondary scholarly discussions of the evidence have taken to relyingRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On The Media1782 Words   |  8 PagesU61976910 Introduction It has been said that violence in the real world becomes â€Å"much more acceptable after you ve seen infinitely greater violence on the screen (Maslin 1982). Seeking to test that hypothesis, researchers have sought to find how long it takes for individuals to become desensitized to violence in television. As intimate partner violence accounts for 15% of all crime, researchers have sought to understand the causes behind the violence. Linz, Donnerstein, and Penrod operationalizedRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Behavioral Violence916 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Media Violence on Behavioral Violence in Young Adults in America The influence of mass media has progressively increased in American society, but can the media have effects beyond mere entertainment and impartial information? American culture has become saturated with online news reports, social media, and media entertainment. Technology has become a major factor in America’s social environment. Much of the information gained from digital sources involves or portrays violence, andRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On The Media Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesThe media has become one of the main sources where people obtain their information from. This information can be taken in knowingly, or through subliminal messages. The media like magazines, videos, commercials, television shows, and movies. Since, media has major influence over the public; violence being portrayed in the media is causing problems. Violence against women in the media has been happening for decades. The violence has been taking shape in many forms, as in emotional a nd physical violenceRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Media Violence In The Media754 Words   |  4 Pagesabout violence portrayed in the media, I noticed that many violent images in the media such as movies, videogames, and music have inspired people to commit large amounts of violent acts, such as committing assaults and murders. It is proven that children can he affected by the violence in media, when they are at a small age. When adults, some can be more aggressive than others, and some may commit more crimes than others. Over 1,000 case studies have proven that media violence can haveRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On People1388 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effect of Media Violence on People Media violence impacts the physical aggression of human beings. It is one of the many potential factors that influence the risk for violence and aggression. Research has proven that aggression in children will cause the likelihood of aggression in their adulthood. Theories have evolved that the violence present in the media most likely teaches the viewer to be more violent. It is a risky behavior that is established from the childhood. Furthermore, media violence